Personality

Sarbananda Singha – The Founder Of The Matak Kingdom In Assam

Sarbananda Singha or Mejera was a prominent historical figure in Assam and is best remembered as the founder of the Matak Kingdom in the late 18th century. He was a was a Moamoria leader and was a Matak Chutia by ethnicity. His leadership played a vital role in shaping the political identity of the Matak community, which emerged as a powerful force in Upper Assam during the decline of the Ahom dynasty.
Sarbananda Singha – The Founder Of The Matak Kingdom In Assam from Assam

Share this biography with students, researchers, and admirers of Assamese heritage.

Life & Legacy

He was the first ruler of the autonomous region called Matak rajya (1805–1839), selected by his followers, with its capital in Bengmara, in what is now Tinsukia district. He was the son of Merutnandan. He was succeeded by his eldest son Matibor Borsenapoti as the second ruler of the Matak Kingdom.
 

Early Life and Background

Sarbananda Singha was originally associated with the Moamoria sect, which had deep socio-religious roots in Assam. Rising from this background, he became a central figure during the Moamoria rebellion against the Ahom rulers. Recognizing his leadership abilities, the Matak community chose him as their ruler and gave him the title “Swargadeo Sarbananda Singha.”

Establishment of the Matak Kingdom

In 1795, Sarbananda Singha established his capital at Bengmara (present-day Tinsukia), marking the beginning of the Matak Kingdom. His administration introduced new revenue systems, strengthened defense, and promoted trade and agriculture. He also emphasized religious patronage by supporting Vaishnavite satras (monasteries), thereby strengthening Assamese cultural and spiritual life.

Legacy of Sarbananda Singha

  • Regarded as the first ruler of the Matak Kingdom.

  • Unified the Matak community under a distinct political identity.

  • Contributed to the socio-cultural development of Upper Assam.

  • Remembered for his governance, justice, and support for religious institutions.

Conclusion

Sarbananda Singha remains a significant name in the history of Assam. His vision and leadership not only established the Matak Kingdom but also inspired a sense of unity and identity among the Matak people. Today, he is remembered as a symbol of resistance, governance, and cultural patronage in Assam’s history.