Population Growth In Assam Since Its Formation As A State: Census Data, Trends & Demographics.
Assam, located in the northeastern region of India, officially became a state on January 26, 1950, following India’s transition into a republic. Since then, the population of Assam has witnessed a remarkable increase — from 8.03 million in 1951 to a projected 36.49 million in 2025. This fourfold growth reflects the socio-economic development, demographic shifts, and migration trends that have shaped the state over the decades.
Population Growth Over the Years
The census data shows a clear upward trend in Assam’s population. The decadal growth rate peaked between 1961 and 1971 at nearly 35%, before gradually stabilizing in later decades. By 2011, the population reached 31.2 million, and it is expected to cross 36.4 million by 2025, growing at an annual rate of 0.92%.
| Year | Population | Decadal Growth Rate (%) |
|---|---|---|
| 1951 | 8,028,856 | 19.93% |
| 1961 | 10,837,329 | 34.98% |
| 1971 | 14,625,152 | 34.95% |
| 1981 | 18,041,248 (interpolated) | 23.36% |
| 1991 | 22,414,322 | 24.24% |
| 2001 | 26,655,528 | 18.92% |
| 2011 | 31,205,576 | 17.07% |
| 2025 | 36,493,000 (projected) | 0.92% annual (projected) |
Key Observations:
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Highest population growth was recorded between 1961–1971.
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Population increased by approximately 28.46 million between 1951–2025.
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The growth rate has gradually declined due to better literacy, awareness, and urbanization.
Religion-Wise Population in Assam (2025 Projection)
According to the projected 2025 data:
| Religion | Percentage |
|---|---|
| Hindu | 61.47% |
| Muslim | 34.22% |
| Christian | 3.74% |
| Jain | 0.08% |
| Sikh | 0.07% |
| Buddhist | 0.07% |
| Other/None | 0.25% |
Literacy, Sex Ratio & Density in Assam
Assam's literacy rate improved from 63.25% in 2001 to 72.19% in 2011. The sex ratio also rose from 935 to 958 females per 1,000 males, reflecting positive gender development indicators.
| Parameter | 2001 | 2011 |
|---|---|---|
| Population (Approx.) | 2.67 crore | 3.12 crore |
| Male | 13.77 million | 15.93 million |
| Female | 12.87 million | 15.26 million |
| Literacy | 63.25% | 72.19% |
| Male Literacy | 71.28% | 77.85% |
| Female Literacy | 54.61% | 66.27% |
| Density (per km²) | 340 | 398 |
Assam Population Growth Quick Info Table
| Attribute | Details |
|---|---|
| Statehood Day | January 26, 1950 |
| Total Area | 78,438 sq. km |
| Projected Population (2025) | 36.49 million (3.65 crore) |
| Population (2011) | 31.2 million |
| Density (per km²) | 398 |
| Literacy Rate (2011) | 72.19% |
| Major Religion | Hinduism (61.47%) |
| Sex Ratio | 958 females per 1,000 males |
| Capital City | Dispur (Guwahati) |
| Official Language | Assamese |
FAQ on Assam Population Growth
1. What is the current population of Assam in 2025?
The projected population of Assam in 2025 is around 36.49 million (3.65 crore).
2. When did Assam become a full-fledged state?
Assam became a state on January 26, 1950, after India adopted its Constitution.
3. How much has Assam's population grown since 1951?
The population has increased more than four times, from 8.03 million in 1951 to 36.49 million in 2025.
4. Which decade saw the highest population growth in Assam?
The highest growth was recorded between 1961 and 1971, with a decadal growth rate of around 35%.
5. What is the literacy rate of Assam?
As per the 2011 Census, the literacy rate is 72.19%, projected to rise further by 2025.
6. Which religion has the highest population in Assam?
Hinduism is the majority religion with around 61.47% followers.
7. How does Assam's population density compare to other states?
Assam’s population density is 398 per sq. km (2011), higher than the national average.
8. What is the male-to-female ratio in Assam?
The sex ratio stands at 958 females per 1,000 males as per the 2011 Census.
9. Why did Assam's population grow rapidly between 1961–1971?
The growth was driven by migration, improved healthcare, and better census coverage.
10. Where can I get Assam's latest population data?
Official data is available on the Census of India and the Assam Government statistics portal.