The old and historical name of Guwahati was Pragjyotishpur (or Pragjyotisha). This ancient name is deeply rooted in Assam’s mythological and historical past, dating back to the Mahabharata era and early dynasties of Kamarupa.
Pragjyotishpur – The Light of the East
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The word Pragjyotishpur comes from Sanskrit:
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Prag meaning “eastern”
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Jyotisha meaning “astrology” or “light”
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Pur meaning “city”
Together, it translates to "City of Eastern Astrology" or "City of Eastern Lights".
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It served as the capital of the Kamarupa kingdom under the rule of King Bhaskar Varman, one of Assam's most notable historical figures.
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Ancient scriptures and texts such as the Kalika Purana mention Pragjyotishpur as a significant center of Tantra, Hinduism, and astronomy.
From Pragjyotishpur to Guwahati
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The name Guwahati evolved from “Guwa” (areca nut) and “Haat” (marketplace), reflecting its later development into a commercial hub.
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The transformation of the name symbolized the city's shift from an ancient spiritual capital to a vibrant trading and cultural center of Assam.