The state flower of Assam is the Foxtail Orchid, scientifically known as Rhynchostylis retusa, and locally called Kopou Phool (কপৌ ফুল in Assamese). This elegant and fragrant orchid is cherished in Assamese culture for its beauty, symbolism, and deep association with traditional festivals.
Foxtail Orchid (Kopou Phool) – Assam’s Floral Pride
The Foxtail Orchid is a wild orchid species that grows in the tropical forests and hills of Northeast India, especially in Assam. It gets its name from its long, hanging cluster of flowers that resemble the tail of a fox. The flowers are typically pinkish-white with purple spots, and bloom during the summer and monsoon seasons.
Cultural Significance in Assam
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The Kopou Phool holds a special place in the Rongali Bihu (Bohag Bihu) festival, Assam’s most important celebration of spring and fertility.
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Young Assamese women wear the Kopou orchid in their hair buns while performing the traditional Bihu dance, symbolizing grace, elegance, and natural beauty.
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It is also used in rituals, home decorations, and as a symbol of love and celebration.
Botanical Highlights
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Scientific Name: Rhynchostylis retusa
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Family: Orchidaceae
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Habitat: Epiphytic, growing on tree trunks and forest canopies
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Blooming Season: April to July
Why It Was Chosen as the State Flower
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Native to Assam and the Northeast region
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Represents the biodiversity of the state
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Closely tied to Assamese identity and tradition
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Promotes awareness of indigenous plant species and orchid conservation
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