General Knowledge of Assam - Complete Guide

The deadliest flood in Assam occurred in 2004, marking one of the most tragic and destructive natural disasters in the state’s history. Assam is prone to annual floods due to its riverine geography, especially the mighty Brahmaputra River, but the 2004 flood was catastrophic in scale.

Key Facts:

• Year: 2004

• Duration: June to August 2004

• Deaths: Over 251 people reported dead, with hundreds missing

• Affected Districts: Over 28 districts, including Dhemaji, Lakhimpur, Barpeta, and Dhubri

• People Affected: More than 12 million people displaced or affected

• Livestock Loss: Over 30,000 animals perished

• Crops Damaged: Thousands of hectares of farmland destroyed

• Infrastructure Impact: Roads, bridges, railways, and schools submerged; communication disrupted

Causes of the 2004 Assam Flood:

• Intense and prolonged monsoon rainfall

• Overflowing of the Brahmaputra and its tributaries

• Embankment breaches

• Landslides in hilly areas worsening river blockages

Long-Term Impact:

The 2004 flood not only caused massive human and economic loss but also triggered nationwide concern regarding flood management in Northeast India. It led to renewed focus on embankment repair, early warning systems, and disaster preparedness across Assam.

Did You Know?

The flood of 2004 was so severe that even Kaziranga National Park saw hundreds of animals, including endangered species, swept away or drowned. It was a stark reminder of the ecological and human vulnerability of Assam’s riverine ecosystem.