Srimanta Sankardeva Or Mahapurush Srimanta Sankardeva - The Saint And Visionary Of Assam

Srimanta Sankardeva Or Mahapurush Srimanta Sankardeva - The Saint And Visionary Of Assam

Mahapurush Srimanta Sankardeva (1449–1568), one of the greatest religious reformers and cultural icons of Assam, was born to Kusumvar Bhuyan and Satyasandhya Devi. Orphaned at a young age, he was raised by his grandmother Khersuti. His extraordinary intellect was evident early on—he began formal education under Mahendra Kandali and wrote his first poetic verse at the age of 12.

A spiritual luminary, Sankardeva pioneered Eka-Sarana Hari-Nama Dharma, a monotheistic faith centered on Lord Krishna, emphasizing devotion (bhakti), equality, and the rejection of idol worship and casteism. He initiated a socio-religious and cultural movement that left an indelible mark on Assamese society.

Literary and Artistic Legacy Sankardeva was a prolific writer, dramatist, and composer. His literary works include:

  • Kirtana Ghosha (devotional verses)

  • Bhakti Pradipa, Gunamala, and Bhagavata Purana transliterations

  • Several devotional dramas (Ankia Nats) such as Patni-Prasada, Rukmini-Harana, Parijata-Harana, Kaliya-Damana, and Srirama-Vijaya

He also composed around 240 Borgeets (devotional songs), of which only 34 have survived. Written in Brajavali, these songs remain foundational in Assamese spiritual music.

Sattriya Dance and Visual Art Sankardeva developed Sattriya, a classical dance form of India. Originally performed in monasteries (sattras), Sattriya is now recognized as a major classical dance tradition of India.

He also pioneered visual arts through creations like Sapta Vaikuntha and the Vrindavani Vastra (partially preserved at the British Museum).

Cultural and Social Reformer Sankardeva was deeply opposed to caste hierarchy and idol worship. His teachings advocated universal brotherhood, moral living, and inclusive spirituality. His establishment of Naamghars (prayer halls) and Kirtanghars allowed collective community worship.

During his lifetime, he influenced and initiated many notable figures, including Madhavdeva, Damodardeva, and followers from diverse ethnic backgrounds such as Garo, Bhutia, Kayastha, and even Muslim devotees.

Legacy and Institutions

  • The Srimanta Sankaradeva Sangha (est. 1930) is the largest socio-religious organization in Assam, working to spread his ideals.

  • The Srimanta Sankaradeva Kalakshetra in Guwahati, a premier cultural institution, commemorates his vast contribution to Assamese heritage.

End of an Era After an extraordinary life of spiritual enlightenment, literary brilliance, and socio-cultural transformation, Srimanta Sankardeva passed away in 1568 at the age of 120.

Conclusion Srimanta Sankardeva was not only a religious leader but a unifier, philosopher, and cultural visionary. His timeless teachings and creations continue to guide, inspire, and define the soul of Assamese identity.