Natasurya Phani Sarma – The Luminary Of Assamese Theatre And Cinema

Phani Sarma, widely revered as Natasurya (meaning "Sun of Drama"), was born in 1910 in Tezpur, Assam. He was an influential Assamese actor, playwright, film director, and theatre personality, who left a profound legacy on the performing arts in Assam.

Early Life and Theatre Beginnings

Phani Sarma was introduced to the world of theatre through his father Molan Sarma, a respected actor associated with Ban Stage, one of Assam’s premier theatrical platforms. Young Phani, fondly known as Bolin, would accompany his father to the theatre, soaking in performances by veterans like Indreswar Borthakur, Dr. Lalit Mohan Chowdhury, and Prafulla Borua.

His formal theatrical journey began in 1928, when he played Emperor Akbar in the drama Rana Pratap. Starting as a gatekeeper of the women's gallery at Ban Stage, he quickly transitioned to the stage, showcasing natural acting talent and a powerful voice, ideal for dramatic performance.

Contribution to Assamese Drama and Stage

Phani Sarma emerged as a pioneer of modern Assamese theatre. With a commanding physical presence and emotive performance style, he became one of the first professional actors in Assam during the 1930s. Over his lifetime, he portrayed over 100 diverse characters, captivating audiences across generations.

Some of his notable plays include:

• Bhogjara (The Ceremonial Jug) – a historical play acclaimed for its bold exploration of themes like adultery, revenge, and palace politics, deviating from traditional patriotic narratives.

• Other unnamed original works that established him as a master dramatist and storyteller.

His portrayal of King Lakshmi Singha in Bhogjara remains iconic.

Film Career: A Cinematic Trailblazer

Phani Sarma was also a trailblazer in Assamese cinema:

• Joymati (1935) – Played Gathi Hazarika, the villain, in the first Assamese feature film, directed by Jyoti Prasad Agarwala.

• Indramalati – Starred in Agarwala’s second film.

• Siraj (1948) – Co-directed and acted alongside Bishnu Prasad Rabha in this film based on Lakshmidhar Sarma’s short story.

• Pioli Phukan (1955) – Directed and starred as the titular character, a freedom fighter and patriot.

• Ito Sito Bahuto (1963) – His final appearance in cinema.

His contributions shaped the foundation of Assamese filmmaking, bringing historical, political, and social narratives to the screen with authenticity and depth.

Legacy and the Mobile Theatre Movement

With the advent of the Bhramyaman Mancha (Mobile Theatre) in Assam, Phani Sarma became one of its earliest stars. He performed on mobile stages across the state almost until his last days, ensuring theatre reached the remotest corners of Assam.

Known for his sonorous voice, towering stage presence, and unmatched dramatic skill, Phani Sarma earned the affectionate title of "Natasurya" from the people of Assam — a testament to his enduring impact on the Assamese cultural landscape.

Death and Remembrance

Phani Sarma passed away in 1970, but his memory continues to shine through the legacy of Assamese theatre and cinema. His performances, plays, and cinematic contributions are studied and celebrated to this day.

Phani Sarma’s Key Contributions at a Glance

Natasurya Phani Sarma was more than an actor — he was a movement, a cultural pioneer, and a symbol of Assamese pride. From the historic Ban Stage in Tezpur to the silver screen, from writing plays to directing films, his legacy defines the very soul of Assamese performing arts.