The Patharughat revolt, also known as the Patharighat uprising, was a historic peasant revolt that took place on January 28, 1894, in the Darrang district of Assam. This revolt is a powerful symbol of agrarian resistance against British colonial rule, where farmers protested the unjust increase in land revenue taxes.
The British administration had imposed excessive land taxes on the local peasants, many of whom were already burdened by poverty and low agricultural returns. When peaceful protests and petitions failed, thousands of peasants gathered in Patharughat to voice their dissent. In response, British police forces opened fire on the unarmed crowd, killing around 140 peasants and injuring many others.
The incident is often referred to as the "Jallianwala Bagh of Assam" due to its tragic brutality, though it remains relatively unknown in mainstream Indian history.
The Patharughat revolt stands as a testament to the courage of Assamese peasants, who fought for their rights and dignity. Every year on January 28th, Krishak Swahid Divas (Martyrs’ Day) is observed in Assam to honor the memory of the fallen heroes of Patharughat.
For students and history enthusiasts, understanding this revolt sheds light on Assam’s early resistance to colonial exploitation and the spirit of rebellion that thrived in the region long before the national freedom movement gathered full force.
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