Lachit Borphukan: The Unsung Hero Of The Battle Of Saraighat

Lachit Borphukan: The Unsung Hero Of The Battle Of Saraighat

Lachit Borphukan (d. 1672), one of the greatest military commanders in Indian history, was the Commander-in-Chief of the Ahom Army who led the legendary Battle of Saraighat in 1671 against the Mughal forces of Emperor Aurangzeb. His fearless leadership, brilliant military strategies, and unwavering patriotism are etched into the soul of Assam’s history.

The Battle of Saraighat: A Defining Victory

The Battle of Saraighat, fought on the banks of the Brahmaputra River near present-day Guwahati, marked one of the most decisive moments in Assam's defense against Mughal invasion. Despite being outnumbered and outgunned, the Ahom army under Lachit’s command outsmarted the Mughals led by Ram Singh I through guerrilla warfare, psychological tactics, and naval brilliance. Lachit’s smaller and more agile boats encircled the larger Mughal vessels, turning the mighty river into a battleground of courage and cunning.

Early Life and Military Rise

Born into an influential family, Lachit Borphukan was the son of Momai Tamuli Borbarua, a high-ranking official of the Ahom Kingdom. Groomed in statecraft, humanities, and military sciences, Lachit quickly rose through the ranks.

He held several key posts including:

  • Ghora Barua (Superintendent of Royal Horses)

  • Dolakasharia Barua (Commander of Household Guards)

  • Commander of Simulgarh Fort

Eventually, Swargadeo Chakradhwaj Singha, the Ahom king, appointed Lachit as the Commander-in-Chief of the Ahom Army, entrusting him with the responsibility of defending the kingdom from Mughal aggression.

A Patriot Above All: Sacrifice for the Nation

Lachit’s patriotism was absolute. During fortification efforts before the battle, he discovered that the work was delayed due to negligence by his own maternal uncle. In a move that symbolized national duty above personal ties, Lachit beheaded his uncle, declaring:

“My uncle is not greater than my country.”

The site of this act is today known as Momai-kota Garh, a historical reminder of his unshakable commitment to Assam.

Final Stand and Legacy

Even while gravely ill during the battle, Lachit refused to retreat. He commanded from a boat, rallying his troops with powerful words:

"If you want to flee, flee! I will fight till my last breath."

This inspired the Ahom army to defeat the Mughals decisively, safeguarding Assam from foreign rule.

Unfortunately, Lachit Borphukan passed away a year later in 1672, shortly after the battle. His tomb, Lachit Maidam, is located at Hoolungapar, near Jorhat, Assam.

Recognition and Lachit Divas

For centuries, Lachit’s name was a legend known mostly within Assam. That changed in 2000, when Lt. Gen. S.K. Sinha, then Governor of Assam, unveiled his statue at the National Defence Academy (NDA) in Pune, recognizing Lachit as a national hero.

To honor his legacy, Assam observes “Lachit Divas” every year on November 24, a state holiday commemorating the victory at Saraighat and celebrating his heroic life.

Lachit Borphukan in Indian History

Assam remains unique in Indian history as the only state to successfully repel all Mughal invasions—a feat accomplished through the valor of warriors like Lachit Borphukan. The Ahom Kingdom survived 17 attempts by the Mughals to conquer the region, preserving its culture and independence.

Conclusion: The Immortal Warrior of Assam

Lachit Borphukan’s courage, discipline, and nationalism continue to inspire generations. He stands tall among India’s greatest warriors, not just for his military skill, but for his integrity and love for the motherland. Today, he is rightfully celebrated as the “Hero of Saraighat”, a symbol of Assam’s indomitable spirit.